The IRE1α–XBP1s Arm of the Unfolded Protein Response Activates N-Glycosylation to Remodel the Subepithelial Basement Membrane in Paramyxovirus Infection

Yingxin Zhao, Dianhua Qiao, Melissa Skibba, Allan R. Brasier

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) associated with decreased pulmonary function, asthma, and allergy. Recently, we demonstrated that RSV induces the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway via the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is a pathway controlling protein glycosylation and secretion of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Because the presence of matrix metalloproteinases and matricellular growth factors (TGF) is associated with severe LRTI, we studied the effect of RSV on ECM remodeling and found that RSV enhances the deposition of fibronectin-rich ECM by small airway epithelial cells in a manner highly dependent on the inositol requiring kinase (IRE1α)–XBP1 arm of the UPR. To understand this effect comprehensively, we applied pharmacoproteomics to understand the effect of the UPR on N-glycosylation and ECM secretion in RSV infection. We observe that RSV induces N-glycosylation and the secretion of proteins related to ECM organization, secretion, or proteins integral to plasma membranes, such as integrins, laminins, collagens, and ECM-modifying enzymes, in an IRE1α–XBP1 dependent manner. Using a murine paramyxovirus model that activates the UPR in vivo, we validate the IRE1α–XBP1-dependent secretion of ECM to alveolar space. This study extends understanding of the IRE1α–XBP1 pathway in regulating N-glycosylation coupled to structural remodeling of the epithelial basement membrane in RSV infection.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number9000
JournalInternational journal of molecular sciences
Volume23
Issue number16
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2022

Keywords

  • IRE1α
  • N-glycosylation
  • XBP1
  • extracellular matrix
  • hexosamine biosynthetic pathway
  • unfolded protein response

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Molecular Biology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Computer Science Applications
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

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