Role of polymorphic CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 genes in NNK-induced chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes

Sherif Z. Abdel-Rahman, Salama A. Salama, William W. Au, Farid A. Hamada

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    30 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Polymorphisms in genes of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes are largely responsible for interindividual differences in ability to activate and detoxify genotoxic agents and therefore may influence individual susceptibility to environmental cancer. The tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), requires metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes to generate DNA-reactive intermediates that induce mutations and canter. In the current study, we investigated the role of the polymorphic CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 genes in the genotoxicity of NNK using the tandem-probe fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) chromosome aberration assay as a marker. Our results, using whole blood cultures from 39 volunteers, indicated that NNK (0.12, 0.24 or 0.72 mM) induced a concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of chromosome aberration. The potential role of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 in NNK-induced genetic damage in cultured human lymphocytes was characterized using specific CYP inhibitors. Treatment of blood cultures with 25 μM diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), a specific CYP2E1 inhibitor, or 0.5 μM quinidine, a specific CYP2D6 inhibitor, simultaneously with NNK, significantly decreased NNK-induced chromosome aberration. We also studied the role of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 allelic variants on NNK-induced chromosome aberration. Our results indicate that NNK induced a significantly higher level of chromosome aberration in tells with the CYP2E1 WT/*5B genotype compared to cells with the CYP2E1 WT/WT. In contrast, no difference in NNK-induced chromosome aberration was observed between cells with the CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers compared to cells with the CYP2D6 poor metabolizer genotypes. These results underscore the important role of polymorphic metabolizing genes in influencing the genotoxic responses to environmental mutagens and provide support to the reported findings linking CYP2E1 polymorphism to smoking-related lung cancer. (C) 2000 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    Pages (from-to)239-249
    Number of pages11
    JournalPharmacogenetics
    Volume10
    Issue number3
    DOIs
    StatePublished - 2000

    Keywords

    • CYP2D6
    • CYP2E1
    • Cancer
    • Cytochrome p450
    • FISH
    • Genetic susceptibility
    • Metabolism
    • NNK
    • Polymorphism
    • Smoking

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
    • Genetics

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