TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors for encephalitis and death from West Nile virus infection
AU - Murray, Kristy O.
AU - Baraniuk, S.
AU - Resnick, M.
AU - Arafat, R.
AU - Kilborn, C.
AU - Cain, K.
AU - Shallenberger, R.
AU - York, T. L.
AU - Martinez, D.
AU - Hellums, J. S.
AU - Hellums, D.
AU - Malkoff, M.
AU - Elgawley, N.
AU - McNeely, W.
AU - Khuwaja, S. A.
AU - Tesh, R. B.
PY - 2006/12
Y1 - 2006/12
N2 - We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encephalitis, including 17 deaths, 47 had meningitis, and 12 were fever cases; 67% were male. Homeless patients were more likely to be hospitalized from WNV compared to the general population. A multiple logistic regression model identified age [odds ratio (OR) 1.1, P<0·001], history of hypertension, including those cases taking hypertension-inducing drugs (OR 2·9, P = 0·012), and history of cardiovascular disease (OR 3·5, P = 0·061) as independent risk factors for developing encephalitis from WNV infection. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity (being black) (OR 12·0, P<0·001), chronic renal disease (OR 10·6, P<0·001), hepatitis C virus (OR 23·1, P = 0·0013), and immunosuppression (OR 3·9, P = 0·033) were identified as risk factors for death from WNV infection.
AB - We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encephalitis, including 17 deaths, 47 had meningitis, and 12 were fever cases; 67% were male. Homeless patients were more likely to be hospitalized from WNV compared to the general population. A multiple logistic regression model identified age [odds ratio (OR) 1.1, P<0·001], history of hypertension, including those cases taking hypertension-inducing drugs (OR 2·9, P = 0·012), and history of cardiovascular disease (OR 3·5, P = 0·061) as independent risk factors for developing encephalitis from WNV infection. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity (being black) (OR 12·0, P<0·001), chronic renal disease (OR 10·6, P<0·001), hepatitis C virus (OR 23·1, P = 0·0013), and immunosuppression (OR 3·9, P = 0·033) were identified as risk factors for death from WNV infection.
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U2 - 10.1017/S0950268806006339
DO - 10.1017/S0950268806006339
M3 - Article
C2 - 16672108
AN - SCOPUS:33748919072
SN - 0950-2688
VL - 134
SP - 1325
EP - 1332
JO - Epidemiology and infection
JF - Epidemiology and infection
IS - 6
ER -