TY - JOUR
T1 - Retrospective analysis on the immunopotentiating mechanism of an emulsion-based vaccine adjuvant on human antigen presenting cells
AU - Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy
AU - Platenburg, Peter Paul
AU - Bayry, Jagadeesh
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Bonam, Platenburg and Bayry.
PY - 2023/1/9
Y1 - 2023/1/9
N2 - We retrospectively analyzed the immunopotentiating mechanism of an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion-based vaccine adjuvant LiteVax™ Adjuvant (LVA) that contains CMS (Maltose 4’-monosulphate 1,2,3,6,2’,3’,6’-heptadecanoic acid ester), squalane, Tween 80 in phosphate buffered saline. Despite being effective in animal models, the immunological mechanisms by which LVA exerts adjuvant function are not known. As dendritic cells (DC) are key for initiating and propagating the immune response, we have investigated the effect of LVA and of its components on the DC function. We show that CMS but not LVA significantly enhances the expression of DC activation-associated markers, cytokine secretion, and CD4+ T cell responses. On the other hand, CMS ZERO [non-sulphated sucrose fatty acid esters (ZERO)], used as a control, had no such activity. Our data identified the unique nature of CMS in LVA, and propose that LVA acts as a delivery system, and CMS acts as an immunostimulatory agent.
AB - We retrospectively analyzed the immunopotentiating mechanism of an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion-based vaccine adjuvant LiteVax™ Adjuvant (LVA) that contains CMS (Maltose 4’-monosulphate 1,2,3,6,2’,3’,6’-heptadecanoic acid ester), squalane, Tween 80 in phosphate buffered saline. Despite being effective in animal models, the immunological mechanisms by which LVA exerts adjuvant function are not known. As dendritic cells (DC) are key for initiating and propagating the immune response, we have investigated the effect of LVA and of its components on the DC function. We show that CMS but not LVA significantly enhances the expression of DC activation-associated markers, cytokine secretion, and CD4+ T cell responses. On the other hand, CMS ZERO [non-sulphated sucrose fatty acid esters (ZERO)], used as a control, had no such activity. Our data identified the unique nature of CMS in LVA, and propose that LVA acts as a delivery system, and CMS acts as an immunostimulatory agent.
KW - CD4 T cell
KW - CMS
KW - adjuvant
KW - antigen presenting cell (APC)
KW - cytokines
KW - dendritic cells
KW - human
KW - oil-in-water emulsion
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146830258&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85146830258&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1086752
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1086752
M3 - Article
C2 - 36700217
AN - SCOPUS:85146830258
SN - 1664-3224
VL - 13
JO - Frontiers in immunology
JF - Frontiers in immunology
M1 - 1086752
ER -