Newcastle disease virus, a host range-restricted virus, as a vaccine vector for intranasal immunization against emerging pathogens

Joshua M. DiNapoli, Alexander Kotelkin, Lijuan Yang, Subbiah Elankumaran, Brian R. Murphy, Siba K. Samal, Peter L. Collins, Alexander Bukreyev

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

91 Scopus citations

Abstract

The international outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002-2003 high-lighted the need to develop pretested human vaccine vectors that can be used in a rapid response against newly emerging pathogens. We evaluated Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus that is highly attenuated in primates, as a topical respiratory vaccine vector with SARS-CoV as a test pathogen. Complete recombinant NDV was engineered to express the SARS-CoV spike S glycoprotein, the viral neutralization and major protective antigen, from an added transcriptional unit. African green monkeys immunized through the respiratory tract with two doses of the vaccine developed a titer of SARS-CoV-neutralizing antibodies comparable with the robust secondary response observed in animals that have been immunized with a different experimental SARS-CoV vaccine and challenged with SARS-CoV. When animals immunized with NDV expressing S were challenged with a high dose of SARS-CoV, direct viral assay of lung tissues taken by necropsy at the peak of viral replication demonstrated a 236- or 1,102-fold (depending on the NDV vector construct) mean reduction in pulmonary SARS-CoV titer compared with control animals. NDV has the potential for further development as a pretested, highly attenuated, intranasal vector to be available for expedited vaccine development for humans, who generally lack preexisting immunity against NDV.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)9788-9793
Number of pages6
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume104
Issue number23
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 5 2007
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Monkey
  • Respiratory tract
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General

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