Long-Term Outcomes Comparing Medical Therapy versus Revascularization for Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

Chayakrit Krittanawong, Salik Nazir, Hafeez Hassan Virk, Joshua Hahn, Zhen Wang, Sonya E. Fogg, Samin K. Sharma, Mahboob Alam, Hani Jneid

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

The ideal management of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has yet to be clearly defined. We conducted a comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception from 1966 through September 2020 for all original studies (randomized controlled trials and observational studies) that evaluated patients with SCAD. Study groups were defined by allocation to medical therapy (medical therapy) versus invasive therapy (invasive therapy) (ie, percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting). The risk of death (risk ratio [RR] = 0.753; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21-2.73; I2 = 21.1%; P = 0.61), recurrence of SCAD (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.61-1.93; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.74), and repeat revascularization (RR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.21-1.94; I2 = 57.6%; P = 0.38) were not statistically different between medical therapy and invasive therapy for a follow-up ranging from 4 months to 3 years. In conclusion, in this meta-analysis of observational studies, the long-term risk of death, recurrent SCAD, and repeat revascularization did not significantly differ among patients with SCAD treated with medical therapy compared with those treated with invasive therapy. These findings support the current expert consensus that patients should be treated with medical therapy when clinically stable and no high-risk features are present. Further large-scale studies including randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)e403-e408
JournalAmerican Journal of Medicine
Volume134
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2021
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Meta-analysis
  • Revascularization
  • spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)
  • systematic review

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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