Hypertonic saline for treating raised intracranial pressure: Literature review with meta-analysis: A review

Martin M. Mortazavi, Andrew K. Romeo, Aman Deep, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Mohamm Adali M. Shoja, R. Shane Tubbs, Winfield Fisher

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

117 Scopus citations

Abstract

Object. Currently, mannitol is the recommended first choice for a hyperosmolar agent for use in patients with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Some authors have argued that hypertonic saline (HTS) might be a more effective agent; however, there is no consensus as to appropriate indications for use, the best concentration, and the best method of delivery. To answer these questions better, the authors performed a review of the literature regarding the use of HTS for ICP reduction. Methods. A PubMed search was performed to locate all papers pertaining to HTS use. This search was then narrowed to locate only those clinical studies relating to the use of HTS for ICP reduction. Results. A total of 36 articles were selected for review. Ten were prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 1 was prospective and nonrandomized, 15 were prospective observational trials, and 10 were retrospective trials. The authors did not distinguish between retrospective observational studies and retrospective comparison trials. Prospective studies were considered observational if the effects of a treatment were evaluated over time but not compared with another treatment. Conclusions. The available data are limited by low patient numbers, limited RCTs, and inconsistent methods between studies. However, a greater part of the data suggest that HTS given as either a bolus or continuous infusion can be more effective than mannitol in reducing episodes of elevated ICP. A meta-analysis of 8 prospective RCTs showed a higher rate of treatment failure or insufficiency with mannitol or normal saline versus HTS.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)210-221
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of neurosurgery
Volume116
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2012
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Hyperosmolar agent
  • Hypertonic saline
  • Intracranial pressure
  • Mannitol
  • Trauma
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Treatment evaluation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Clinical Neurology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Hypertonic saline for treating raised intracranial pressure: Literature review with meta-analysis: A review'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this