Estudio de la cinética de citoquinas en sepsis grave y su relación con mortalidad y score de disfunción orgánica

The Infectious Systemic Inflammatory Response syndrome and multiple organic dysfunction have common physiopathological mechanisms. Multiple organic dysfunction can be assessed using severity scores. Aim: To relate cytokine kinetics with a multiple organic dysfunction score during sepsis. Material and methods: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL6) kinetics were studied in 25 patients with severe sepsis with less than 48 h of evolution and interleukin 1β (ILβ) kinetics was studied in 13 patients. Measurements were made at 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours after admission to the study, using an ELISA technique. These parameters were correlated with the Marshall multiple organic dysfunction score and survival. Results: Mean age of study subjects was 70 years, the APACHE II score was 16.9±6 and the Marshall score was 6.8±3.6. Sepsis was of pulmonary origin in 56% of patients and intra abdominal in 32%. Mortality was 36%. TNFα increased during the study period (24.1 pg/ml initially and 37.8 pg/ml at 24 hours, with a slight posterior reduction, p<0.02). These levels had no association with mortality or organic dysfunction. IL6 remained elevated during the first hours and had a tendency to decrease thereafter. Deceased patients had higher values than survivors (306 pg/ml and 55.4 pg/ml respectively, p=0.011). Its values were tightly correlated with Marshall score, with the number of failing organs, with the presence of shock and with probability of dying during hospitalization. IL1β remained low and was not associated with clinical parameters. Conclusions: There is a tight correlation between the elevation of IL6 and the severity of the Systemic Inflammatory Response and mortality in these patients with sepsis.