Effects of pancreastatin and chromogranin A on insulin release stimulated by various insulinotropic agents

The effects of porcine pancreastatin on insulin release stimulated by insulinotropic agents, glucagon, cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and l-arginine, were compared to those of bovine chromogranin A (CGA) using the isolated perfused rat pancreas. Pancreastatin significantly potentiated glucagon-stimulated insulin release (first phase: 12.5 ± 0.9 ng/8 min; second phase: 34.5 ± 1.6 ng/25 min in controls; 16.5 ± 1.1 ng/8 min and 44.0 ± 2.2 ng/25 min in pancreastatin group), whereas CGA was ineffective. The first phase of l-arginine-stimulated insulin release was also potentiated by pancreastatin (6.9 ± 0.5 ng/5 min in controls, 8.4 ± 0.6 ng/5 min in pancreastatin group), but not by CGA. Pancreastatin did not affect CCK-8 or GIP-stimulated insulin release. Similarly, CGA did not affect insulin release stimulated by CCK-8 or GIP. These findings suggest that pancreastatin stimulates insulin release in the presence of glucagon. Because pancreastatin can have multiple effects on insulin release, which are dependent upon the local concentration of insulin effectors, pancreastatin may participate in the fine tuning of insulin release from B cells.