Effect of increasing age on percutaneous coronary intervention vs coronary artery bypass grafting in older adults with unprotected left main coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis and meta-regression

Mahin R. Khan, Waleed T. Kayani, Waqas Ahmad, Malalai Manan, Ravi S. Hira, Ihab Hamzeh, Hani Jneid, Salim S. Virani, Neal Kleiman, Nasser Lakkis, Mahboob Alam

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Older adults (≥70-year-old) are under-represented in the published data pertaining to unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD). Hypothesis: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) might be comparable to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for revascularization of ULMCAD. Methods: We compared PCI versus CABG in older adults with ULMCAD with an aggregate data meta-analyses (4880 patients) of clinical outcomes [all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), repeat revascularization, stroke and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)] at 30 days, 12-24 months & ≥36 months in patients with mean age ≥70 years and ULMCAD. A meta-regression analysis evaluated the effect of age on mortality after PCI. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using random-effects model. Results: All-cause mortality between PCI and CABG was comparable at 30-days (OR0.77, 95% CI 0.42- 1.41) and 12-24-months (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.78-1.93). PCI was associated with a markedly lower rate of stroke at 30-day follow-up in octogenarians (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.76) but an overall higher rate of repeat revascularization. At ≥36-months, MACCE (OR 1.26,95% CI 0.99-1.60) and all-cause mortality (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.00-1.93) showed a trend favoring CABG but did not reach statistical significance. On meta-regression, PCI was associated with a higher mortality with advancing age (coefficient=0.1033, p=0.042). Conclusions: PCI was associated with a markedly lower rate of early stroke in octogenarians as compared to CABG. All-cause mortality was comparable between the two arms with a trend favoring CABG at ≥36-months.PCI was however associated with increasing mortality with advancing age as compared to CABG.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1071-1078
Number of pages8
JournalClinical Cardiology
Volume42
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2019
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • coronary artery bypass graft surgery
  • elderly
  • percutaneous coronary intervention
  • unprotected left main coronary artery

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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