Abstract
A novel vaccine platform uses DNA immunization to launch live-attenuated virus vaccines in vivo. This technology has been applied for vaccine development against positive-strand RNA viruses with global public health impact including alphaviruses and flaviviruses. The DNA-launched vaccine represents the recombinant plasmid that encodes the full-length genomic RNA of live-attenuated virus downstream from a eukaryotic promoter. When administered in vivo, the genomic RNA of live-attenuated virus is transcribed. The RNA initiates limited replication of a genetically defined, live-attenuated vaccine virus in the tissues of the vaccine recipient, thereby inducing a protective immune response. This platform combines the strengths of reverse genetics, DNA immunization and the advantages of live-attenuated vaccines, resulting in a reduced chance of genetic reversions, increased safety, and improved immunization. With this vaccine technology, the field of DNA vaccines is expanded from those that express subunit antigens to include a novel type of DNA vaccines that launch live-attenuated viruses.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1223-1234 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Expert review of vaccines |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 1 2016 |
Keywords
- DNA vaccine
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis
- alphavirus
- chikungunya
- flavivirus
- live-attenuated vaccine
- yellow fever
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Drug Discovery