Complement and antibody mediate enhancement of HIV infection by increasing virus binding and provirus formation

Bert A. June, Sylvia Z. Schade, Matthew J. Bankowski, Mary Kuhns, Anne McNamara, Thomas F. Lint, Alan L. Landay, Gregory T. Spear

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that infection of complement receptor (CR2)-bearing cells with HIV pretreated with antibody (Ab) plus complement (C) resulted in increased virus expression. The current study was designed to determine whether C-mediated 'enhancement' of HIV-1 production was the result of increased virus infection of cells as assessed by provirus formation and virus binding. Virus was incubated with anti-HIV Ab and/or C and added to CR2-positive MT-2 cells. Increased virus expression by MT-2 cells correlated with increased numbers of HIV-immunofluorescent-positive cells at 24 and 48 h and higher levels of provirus detected 8-28 h after infection. MT-2 cells also bound threefold more Ab-plus-C-treated virus than untreated virus. Serial dilutions of C showed that high levels of C with Ab did not enhance but rather suppressed virus expression. Studies were also performed which showed that terminal C components C5 and C8 were not necessary for the enhancing effect. The increased binding of C-coated HIV to CR-positive cells has important implications for the fate of virus in vivo.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)269-274
Number of pages6
JournalAIDS
Volume5
Issue number3
StatePublished - Mar 1991
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Antibody
  • CD4
  • Complement
  • Complement receptor
  • HIV
  • Provirus

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

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