Comparative study of suture and laser‐assisted anastomoses in rat sciatic nerves

Conventional suture repair of peripheral nerves results in a fibrotic reaction that is detrimental to nerve regeneration. As an alternative procedure known as “laser‐assisted” repair, a laser can be used, along with a reduced number of sutures, to reanastomose severed peripheral nerves. To explore the long‐term implications of this technique, the right sciatic nerves of Sprague‐Dawley rats were surgically cut and reanastomosed either by means of four epineurial sutures or two epineurial sutures and CO₂ laser welds. Tensile strength, electrophysiology, histology, and functional studies were performed up to 11 months postoperatively. Tensile strength measurements indicate no long‐term disadvantage with the laser‐assisted technique, although the short‐term tensile strength is lower than with conventional suture repair. The conduction velocities of the repaired nerves were similar for both techniques; however, laser‐assisted repaired nerves were found to have lower stimulation thresholds and reduced branching compared to the suture repaired nerves. The measured functional recovery was similar for both repair techniques.