Characterization of host immune responses in Ebola virus infections

Gary Wong; Gary P. Kobinger; Xiangguo Qiu

doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.908705

Characterization of host immune responses in Ebola virus infections

Gary Wong, Gary P. Kobinger, Xiangguo Qiu

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Ebola causes highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans with no licensed countermeasures. Its virulence can be attributed to several immunoevasion mechanisms: an early inhibition of innate immunity started by the downregulation of type I interferon, epitope masking and subversion of the adaptive humoural immunity by secreting a truncated form of the viral glycoprotein. Deficiencies in specific and non-specific antiviral responses result in unrestricted viral replication and dissemination in the host, causing death typically within 10 days after the appearance of symptoms. This review summarizes the host immune response to Ebola infection, and highlights the short-and long-term immune responses crucial for protection, which holds implications for the design of future vaccines and therapeutics.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	781-790
Number of pages	10
Journal	Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
Volume	10
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1586/1744666X.2014.908705
State	Published - Jun 2014
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Ebola
adaptive immunity
antigenic subversion
immunoevasion
innate immunity
long-term immunity
secreted glycoprotein
type I IFN

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology and Allergy
Immunology

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10.1586/1744666X.2014.908705

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@article{39ebf220b57c46f3a0e744a4e5ba0128,

title = "Characterization of host immune responses in Ebola virus infections",

abstract = "Ebola causes highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans with no licensed countermeasures. Its virulence can be attributed to several immunoevasion mechanisms: an early inhibition of innate immunity started by the downregulation of type I interferon, epitope masking and subversion of the adaptive humoural immunity by secreting a truncated form of the viral glycoprotein. Deficiencies in specific and non-specific antiviral responses result in unrestricted viral replication and dissemination in the host, causing death typically within 10 days after the appearance of symptoms. This review summarizes the host immune response to Ebola infection, and highlights the short-and long-term immune responses crucial for protection, which holds implications for the design of future vaccines and therapeutics.",

keywords = "Ebola, adaptive immunity, antigenic subversion, immunoevasion, innate immunity, long-term immunity, secreted glycoprotein, type I IFN",

author = "Gary Wong and Kobinger, {Gary P.} and Xiangguo Qiu",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and funded by a Canadian Safety and Security Program (CSSP) grant to GP Kobinger and X Qiu. G Wong is the recipient of a Doctoral Research Award from the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.",

year = "2014",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1586/1744666X.2014.908705",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "10",

pages = "781--790",

journal = "Expert Review of Clinical Immunology",

issn = "1744-666X",

publisher = "Expert Reviews Ltd.",

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AU - Wong, Gary

AU - Kobinger, Gary P.

AU - Qiu, Xiangguo

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and funded by a Canadian Safety and Security Program (CSSP) grant to GP Kobinger and X Qiu. G Wong is the recipient of a Doctoral Research Award from the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

PY - 2014/6

Y1 - 2014/6

N2 - Ebola causes highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans with no licensed countermeasures. Its virulence can be attributed to several immunoevasion mechanisms: an early inhibition of innate immunity started by the downregulation of type I interferon, epitope masking and subversion of the adaptive humoural immunity by secreting a truncated form of the viral glycoprotein. Deficiencies in specific and non-specific antiviral responses result in unrestricted viral replication and dissemination in the host, causing death typically within 10 days after the appearance of symptoms. This review summarizes the host immune response to Ebola infection, and highlights the short-and long-term immune responses crucial for protection, which holds implications for the design of future vaccines and therapeutics.

AB - Ebola causes highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans with no licensed countermeasures. Its virulence can be attributed to several immunoevasion mechanisms: an early inhibition of innate immunity started by the downregulation of type I interferon, epitope masking and subversion of the adaptive humoural immunity by secreting a truncated form of the viral glycoprotein. Deficiencies in specific and non-specific antiviral responses result in unrestricted viral replication and dissemination in the host, causing death typically within 10 days after the appearance of symptoms. This review summarizes the host immune response to Ebola infection, and highlights the short-and long-term immune responses crucial for protection, which holds implications for the design of future vaccines and therapeutics.

KW - Ebola

KW - adaptive immunity

KW - antigenic subversion

KW - immunoevasion

KW - innate immunity

KW - long-term immunity

KW - secreted glycoprotein

KW - type I IFN

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DO - 10.1586/1744666X.2014.908705

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SN - 1744-666X

VL - 10

SP - 781

EP - 790

JO - Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

JF - Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

IS - 6

ER -

Characterization of host immune responses in Ebola virus infections

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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