TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of the humoral immune responses among cynomolgus macaque naturally infected with Reston virus during the 1996 outbreak in the Philippines
AU - Taniguchi, Satoshi
AU - Sayama, Yusuke
AU - Nagata, Noriyo
AU - Ikegami, Tetsuro
AU - Miranda, Mary E.
AU - Watanabe, Shumpei
AU - Iizuka, Itoe
AU - Fukushi, Shuetsu
AU - Mizutani, Tetsuya
AU - Ishii, Yoshiyuki
AU - Saijo, Masayuki
AU - Akashi, Hiroomi
AU - Yoshikawa, Yasuhiro
AU - Kyuwa, Shigeru
AU - Morikawa, Shigeru
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to the staff at the Special Pathogens Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, and at the Biomedical Science Laboratory, University of Tokyo. This work was supported in part by a grant-in-aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan (grants H22-shinkou-ippan-006) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI.
PY - 2012/10/11
Y1 - 2012/10/11
N2 - Background: Ebolaviruses induce lethal viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) in humans and non-human primates, with the exceptions of Reston virus (RESTV), which is not pathogenic for humans. In human VHF cases, extensive analyses of the humoral immune responses in survivors and non-survivors have shown that the IgG responses to nucleoprotein (NP) and other viral proteins are associated with asymptomatic and survival outcomes, and that the neutralizing antibody responses targeting ebolaviruses glycoprotein (GP1,2) are the major indicator of protective immunity. On the other hand, the immune responses in non-human primates, especially naturally infected ones, have not yet been elucidated in detail, and the significance of the antibody responses against NP and GP1,2 in RESTV-infected cynomolgus macaques is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the humoral immune responses of cynomolgus macaque by using serum specimens obtained from the RESTV epizootic in 1996 in the Philippines to expand our knowledge on the immune responses in naturally RESTV-infected non-human primates.Results: The antibody responses were analyzed using IgG-ELISA, an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA), and a pseudotyped VSV-based neutralizing (NT) assay. Antigen-capture (Ag)-ELISA was also performed to detect viral antigens in the serum specimens. We found that the anti-GP1,2 responses, but not the anti-NP responses, closely were correlated with the neutralization responses, as well as the clearance of viremia in the sera of the RESTV-infected cynomolgus macaques. Additionally, by analyzing the cytokine/chemokine concentrations of these serum specimens, we found high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, such as IFNγ, IL8, IL-12, and MIP1α, in the convalescent phase sera.Conclusions: These results imply that both the antibody response to GP1,2 and the proinflammatory innate responses play significant roles in the recovery from RESTV infection in cynomolgus macaques.
AB - Background: Ebolaviruses induce lethal viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) in humans and non-human primates, with the exceptions of Reston virus (RESTV), which is not pathogenic for humans. In human VHF cases, extensive analyses of the humoral immune responses in survivors and non-survivors have shown that the IgG responses to nucleoprotein (NP) and other viral proteins are associated with asymptomatic and survival outcomes, and that the neutralizing antibody responses targeting ebolaviruses glycoprotein (GP1,2) are the major indicator of protective immunity. On the other hand, the immune responses in non-human primates, especially naturally infected ones, have not yet been elucidated in detail, and the significance of the antibody responses against NP and GP1,2 in RESTV-infected cynomolgus macaques is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the humoral immune responses of cynomolgus macaque by using serum specimens obtained from the RESTV epizootic in 1996 in the Philippines to expand our knowledge on the immune responses in naturally RESTV-infected non-human primates.Results: The antibody responses were analyzed using IgG-ELISA, an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA), and a pseudotyped VSV-based neutralizing (NT) assay. Antigen-capture (Ag)-ELISA was also performed to detect viral antigens in the serum specimens. We found that the anti-GP1,2 responses, but not the anti-NP responses, closely were correlated with the neutralization responses, as well as the clearance of viremia in the sera of the RESTV-infected cynomolgus macaques. Additionally, by analyzing the cytokine/chemokine concentrations of these serum specimens, we found high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, such as IFNγ, IL8, IL-12, and MIP1α, in the convalescent phase sera.Conclusions: These results imply that both the antibody response to GP1,2 and the proinflammatory innate responses play significant roles in the recovery from RESTV infection in cynomolgus macaques.
KW - Antibody
KW - Cynomolgus macaque
KW - Cytokine
KW - Ebola
KW - Ebolavirus
KW - Filovirus
KW - Humoral immune response
KW - Reston ebolavirus
KW - Reston virus
KW - Zoonosis
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U2 - 10.1186/1746-6148-8-189
DO - 10.1186/1746-6148-8-189
M3 - Article
C2 - 23057674
AN - SCOPUS:84867236190
SN - 1746-6148
VL - 8
JO - BMC Veterinary Research
JF - BMC Veterinary Research
M1 - 189
ER -