An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98

Christopher W. Woods; Adam M. Karpati; Thomas Grein; Noel McCarthy; Peter Gaturuku; Eric Muchiri; Lee Dunster; Alden Henderson; Ali S. Khan; Robert Swanepoel; Isabelle Bonmarin; Louise Martin; Philip Mann; Bonnie L. Smoak; Michael Ryan; Thomas G. Ksiazek; Ray R. Arthur; Andre Ndikuyeze; Naphtali N. Agata; Clarence J. Peters

doi:10.3201/eid0802.010023

An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98

Christopher W. Woods, Adam M. Karpati, Thomas Grein, Noel McCarthy, Peter Gaturuku, Eric Muchiri, Lee Dunster, Alden Henderson, Ali S. Khan, Robert Swanepoel, Isabelle Bonmarin, Louise Martin, Philip Mann, Bonnie L. Smoak, Michael Ryan, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Ray R. Arthur, Andre Ndikuyeze, Naphtali N. Agata, Clarence J. Peters

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

222 Scopus citations

Abstract

In December 1997, 170 hemorrhagic fever-associated deaths were reported in Garissa District, Kenya. Laboratory testing identified evidence of acute Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Of the 171 persons enrolled in a cross-sectional study, 31(18%) were anti-RVFV immunoglobulin (Ig) M positive. An age-adjusted IgM antibody prevalence of 14% was estimated for the district. We estimate approximately 27,500 infections occurred in Garissa District, making this the largest recorded outbreak of RVFV in East Africa. In multivariable analysis, contact with sheep body fluids and sheltering livestock in one's home were significantly associated with infection. Direct contact with animals, particularly contact with sheep body fluids, was the most important modifiable risk factor for RVFV infection. Public education during epizootics may reduce human illness and deaths associated with future outbreaks.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	138-144
Number of pages	7
Journal	Emerging infectious diseases
Volume	8
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0802.010023
State	Published - 2002
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

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10.3201/eid0802.010023

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Woods, C. W., Karpati, A. M., Grein, T., McCarthy, N., Gaturuku, P., Muchiri, E., Dunster, L., Henderson, A., Khan, A. S., Swanepoel, R., Bonmarin, I., Martin, L., Mann, P., Smoak, B. L., Ryan, M., Ksiazek, T. G., Arthur, R. R., Ndikuyeze, A., Agata, N. N., & Peters, C. J. (2002). An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98. Emerging infectious diseases, 8(2), 138-144. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0802.010023

Woods, CW, Karpati, AM, Grein, T, McCarthy, N, Gaturuku, P, Muchiri, E, Dunster, L, Henderson, A, Khan, AS, Swanepoel, R, Bonmarin, I, Martin, L, Mann, P, Smoak, BL, Ryan, M, Ksiazek, TG, Arthur, RR, Ndikuyeze, A, Agata, NN & Peters, CJ 2002, 'An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98', Emerging infectious diseases, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 138-144. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0802.010023

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title = "An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98",

abstract = "In December 1997, 170 hemorrhagic fever-associated deaths were reported in Garissa District, Kenya. Laboratory testing identified evidence of acute Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Of the 171 persons enrolled in a cross-sectional study, 31(18%) were anti-RVFV immunoglobulin (Ig) M positive. An age-adjusted IgM antibody prevalence of 14% was estimated for the district. We estimate approximately 27,500 infections occurred in Garissa District, making this the largest recorded outbreak of RVFV in East Africa. In multivariable analysis, contact with sheep body fluids and sheltering livestock in one's home were significantly associated with infection. Direct contact with animals, particularly contact with sheep body fluids, was the most important modifiable risk factor for RVFV infection. Public education during epizootics may reduce human illness and deaths associated with future outbreaks.",

author = "Woods, {Christopher W.} and Karpati, {Adam M.} and Thomas Grein and Noel McCarthy and Peter Gaturuku and Eric Muchiri and Lee Dunster and Alden Henderson and Khan, {Ali S.} and Robert Swanepoel and Isabelle Bonmarin and Louise Martin and Philip Mann and Smoak, {Bonnie L.} and Michael Ryan and Ksiazek, {Thomas G.} and Arthur, {Ray R.} and Andre Ndikuyeze and Agata, {Naphtali N.} and Peters, {Clarence J.}",

year = "2002",

doi = "10.3201/eid0802.010023",

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AU - Woods, Christopher W.

AU - Karpati, Adam M.

AU - Grein, Thomas

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AU - Gaturuku, Peter

AU - Muchiri, Eric

AU - Dunster, Lee

AU - Henderson, Alden

AU - Khan, Ali S.

AU - Swanepoel, Robert

AU - Bonmarin, Isabelle

AU - Martin, Louise

AU - Mann, Philip

AU - Smoak, Bonnie L.

AU - Ryan, Michael

AU - Ksiazek, Thomas G.

AU - Arthur, Ray R.

AU - Ndikuyeze, Andre

AU - Agata, Naphtali N.

AU - Peters, Clarence J.

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AB - In December 1997, 170 hemorrhagic fever-associated deaths were reported in Garissa District, Kenya. Laboratory testing identified evidence of acute Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Of the 171 persons enrolled in a cross-sectional study, 31(18%) were anti-RVFV immunoglobulin (Ig) M positive. An age-adjusted IgM antibody prevalence of 14% was estimated for the district. We estimate approximately 27,500 infections occurred in Garissa District, making this the largest recorded outbreak of RVFV in East Africa. In multivariable analysis, contact with sheep body fluids and sheltering livestock in one's home were significantly associated with infection. Direct contact with animals, particularly contact with sheep body fluids, was the most important modifiable risk factor for RVFV infection. Public education during epizootics may reduce human illness and deaths associated with future outbreaks.

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An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Northeastern Kenya, 1997-98

Abstract

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