TY - JOUR
T1 - A Prospective Diet-Wide Association Study for Risk of Colorectal Cancer in EPIC
AU - Papadimitriou, Nikos
AU - Bouras, Emmanouil
AU - van den Brandt, Piet A.
AU - Muller, David C.
AU - Papadopoulou, Areti
AU - Heath, Alicia K.
AU - Critselis, Elena
AU - Gunter, Marc J.
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Bastide, Nadia
AU - Merritt, Melissa A.
AU - Lopez, David S.
AU - Bergmann, Manuela M.
AU - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
AU - Schulze, Matthias
AU - Skeie, Guri
AU - Srour, Bernard
AU - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
AU - Boden, Stina
AU - Johansson, Ingegerd
AU - Nøst, Therese Haugdahl
AU - Lukic, Marco
AU - Ricceri, Fulvio
AU - Ericson, Ulrika
AU - Huerta, José María
AU - Dahm, Christina C.
AU - Agnoli, Claudia
AU - Amiano, Pilar Exezarreta
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
AU - Ardanaz, Eva
AU - Berntsson, Jonna
AU - Sánchez, Maria Jose
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Katzke, Verena
AU - Jakszyn, Paula
AU - Masala, Giovanna
AU - Derksen, Jeroen W.G.
AU - Quirós, J. Ramón
AU - Severi, Gianluca
AU - Cross, Amanda J.
AU - Riboli, Ellio
AU - Tzoulaki, Ioanna
AU - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 AGA Institute
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Background & Aims: Evidence regarding the association of dietary exposures with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is not consistent with a few exceptions. Therefore, we conducted a diet-wide association study (DWAS) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate the associations between several dietary exposures with CRC risk. Methods: The association of 92 food and nutrient intakes with CRC risk was assessed in 386,792 participants, 5069 of whom developed incident CRC. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate, and emerging associations were examined in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Multiplicative gene-nutrient interactions were also tested in EPIC based on known CRC-associated loci. Results: In EPIC, alcohol, liquor/spirits, wine, beer/cider, soft drinks, and pork were positively associated with CRC, whereas milk, cheese, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, vitamin B6, beta carotene, fruit, fiber, nonwhite bread, banana, and total protein intakes were inversely associated. Of these 20 associations, 13 were replicated in the NLCS, for which a meta-analysis was performed, namely alcohol (summary hazard ratio [HR] per 1-SD increment in intake: 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.09), liquor/spirits (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06), wine (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07), beer/cider (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.08), milk (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93–0.98), cheese (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99), calcium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90–0.95), phosphorus (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90–0.95), magnesium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92–0.98), potassium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99), riboflavin (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97), beta carotene (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.98), and total protein (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97). None of the gene-nutrient interactions were significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Our findings confirm a positive association for alcohol and an inverse association for dairy products and calcium with CRC risk, and also suggest a lower risk at higher dietary intakes of phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, beta carotene, and total protein.
AB - Background & Aims: Evidence regarding the association of dietary exposures with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is not consistent with a few exceptions. Therefore, we conducted a diet-wide association study (DWAS) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate the associations between several dietary exposures with CRC risk. Methods: The association of 92 food and nutrient intakes with CRC risk was assessed in 386,792 participants, 5069 of whom developed incident CRC. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate, and emerging associations were examined in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Multiplicative gene-nutrient interactions were also tested in EPIC based on known CRC-associated loci. Results: In EPIC, alcohol, liquor/spirits, wine, beer/cider, soft drinks, and pork were positively associated with CRC, whereas milk, cheese, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, vitamin B6, beta carotene, fruit, fiber, nonwhite bread, banana, and total protein intakes were inversely associated. Of these 20 associations, 13 were replicated in the NLCS, for which a meta-analysis was performed, namely alcohol (summary hazard ratio [HR] per 1-SD increment in intake: 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.09), liquor/spirits (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06), wine (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07), beer/cider (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.08), milk (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93–0.98), cheese (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99), calcium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90–0.95), phosphorus (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90–0.95), magnesium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92–0.98), potassium (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99), riboflavin (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97), beta carotene (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.98), and total protein (HR per 1-SD increment in intake, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97). None of the gene-nutrient interactions were significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Our findings confirm a positive association for alcohol and an inverse association for dairy products and calcium with CRC risk, and also suggest a lower risk at higher dietary intakes of phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, beta carotene, and total protein.
KW - cohort study
KW - colorectal cancer
KW - epidemiology
KW - nutrition
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.04.028
DO - 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.04.028
M3 - Article
C2 - 33901663
AN - SCOPUS:85111401409
SN - 1542-3565
VL - 20
SP - 864-873.e13
JO - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
JF - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
IS - 4
ER -