A Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Frailty in Overweight or Obese Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study

Rozmin Jiwani, J. Wang, C. Li, B. Dennis, D. Patel, J. Gelfond, Q. Liu, N. Siddiqui, C. Bess, S. Monk, M. Serra, S. Espinoza

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Older adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to be frail, which increases the risk for disability and mortality. Objectives: To determine the feasibility of a behavioral lifestyle intervention, enhanced with mobile health technology for self-monitoring of diet and activity, to improve frailty in overweight/obese older adults (≥65 years) diagnosed with T2D. Design, Setting, and Participants: Single arm, 6-month study of a behavioral lifestyle intervention in 20 overweight/obese (BMI>25) older adults (≥ 65 years) with self-reported T2D diagnosis who owned a smartphone. A Fitbit tracker was provided to all participants for self-monitoring of diet and physical activity. Our primary outcome of feasibility was measured by session attendance, adherence to Fitbit usage to self-monitor diet and physical activity, and study retention. Secondary outcomes included the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on frailty, physical function, quality of life, and T2D-related outcomes. Results: Eighteen participants completed the study. The mean age was 71.5 (SD ± 5.3) years, 56% were female, and half were Hispanic. At baseline, 13 (72%) were pre-frail, 4 (22%) were frail, and 1 (6%) were non-frail. At follow-up, frailty scores improved significantly from 1.61 ± 1.15 to 0.94 ± 0.94 (p=0.01) and bodyweight improved from 205.66 ± 45.52 lbs. to 198.33 ± 43.6 lbs. (p=<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the feasibility of a behavioral lifestyle intervention in overweight/obese older adults with T2D and preliminary results support its potential efficacy in improving frailty score.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)74-82
Number of pages9
JournalThe Journal of frailty & aging
Volume11
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Type 2 diabetes
  • frailty
  • lifestyle intervention
  • personal fitness technology
  • self-monitoring

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Aging
  • Geriatrics and Gerontology
  • Physiology (medical)

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